Tennessee Warbler

Leiothlypis peregrina

Plain greenish bird with a song like a typewriter. Named after a state it only passes through.

Population: ~110 million mature individuals (2019 estimate); population trend decreasing (moderate decline, ~1.38%/year 1970-2017, decline rate slowing in recent decade)
Habitat: Breeds in boreal/coniferous and mixed conifer-deciduous forests, early successional woodlands, and bogs across Canada, southeastern Alaska, and the northern U.S.; winters in subtropical/tropical moist lowland forest and plantations, including shade-coffee
Fun fact: Despite its name, the Tennessee Warbler doesn't breed anywhere near Tennessee — Alexander Wilson named it in 1811 after a migrant specimen he collected on the banks of the Cumberland River in Tennessee, over 600 miles from its actual boreal-forest breeding range.
Range: Breeds across boreal Canada, southeastern Alaska, south to northern Michigan/New England; migrates through the eastern U.S. (mainly east of the Mississippi Valley, crossing the Gulf of Mexico) to winter from southern Mexico and the Caribbean through Central America to northern South America (Colombia, Venezuela, occasionally Ecuador)
Diet: Primarily small insects and caterpillars (especially spruce budworm) on the breeding grounds; on the wintering grounds also takes flower nectar (piercing the base of the flower tube rather than through the corolla opening), fruit, and seeds; forages in shade-coffee plantations in winter
Size: 0.115 m
Wingspan: 0.197 m
Lifespan: 4.5 years

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