Common Raven

Corvus corax

Solves puzzles, uses tools, and delivers messages with an ominous 'nevermore.'

Population: ~21–26.4 million mature individuals globally (increasing)
Habitat: Extreme habitat generalist: coniferous and broadleaf forests, mountains, tundra, steppe, deserts, sea cliffs and coastlines, and the outskirts of towns and landfills (elevation from sea level to 5,000 m).
Fun fact: The Common Raven is the world's largest passerine (songbird) — larger than many raptors like the Peregrine Falcon — and is considered one of the most cognitively sophisticated birds, capable of tool use, gaze-following, and planning for future events.
Range: Circumpolar across the Northern Hemisphere (~137 million km² range) — most of North America, Europe, North Africa, and much of Asia; largely sedentary/non-migratory resident, with some northern populations shifting south in winter.
Diet: Omnivorous opportunist/scavenger: carrion, insects, small mammals, eggs and nestlings, seeds, grain, fruit, and human refuse/landfill food waste.
Size: 0.63 m
Wingspan: 1.17 m
Lifespan: 23 years

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